Internet of Things and Smart Cities

Internet of things:

The system of interrelating computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, this is the concept of connecting devices to the internet, IoT includes everything from a cell phone,  headphone,  wearable devices and almost everything of daily life use.

The benefits of IoT is realized when a large number of devices are able to interact with each other.

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`History:

The idea of IoT is suggested by a technology entrepreneur Kevin Ashton in 1999. While working in brand marketing at proctor and gamble, he researched on the electronic circuit and RFID tags, he realized that IoT was the best road to better efficiency and less waste for all kinds of business, the IoT concept was not named officially before 1999. One of the first examples of IoT was the first Coca-Cola machine was connected to the refrigerator and checks to see the drink are cold and ready?

Kevin Ashton was the first who sketch the idea of IoT.

How does IOT works:

The mechanism of IoT is very technical, the IoT system consisting of four different components that work together to convey the output.

In the first step the devices collect data from the surrounding environment, the collected data could be as simple as geographical location.

 After collection of data it is sent to cloud infrastructure an IOT plate form with the help of medium that was particular wireless and wired technologies like Bluetooth, WI-Fi, Ethernet, etc.

When the data gets to cloud infrastructure it is stored, analyzed and process through a big data analytics engine for better result.

The processed data is then used to carry out intelligent action that converts the ordinary physical device into smart device.

The last step includes the notification to the end user about the action through email text and notification, for example, if the user noticed some change in the specific room he can adjust the room temperature through IoT App.

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 Internet of things and Data:

The internet of things probably contains one or more sensors for the collection of data, these sensors depend on individual devices and tasks, all the collected data will have to sent somewhere that means that the devices will transmit data through Wi-Fi, 4G, 5G, etc.

The IoT devices produce a large amount of data from sensors, the data comes in many forms like voice record, video record, temperature record or any data from recorded from sensors, the IoT device will convey a large amount of real-time data.

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Uses and benefits of IoT:

The IoT has an outstanding effect on our life, IOT is great for both industrial and everyday use, and IOT makes our life great in many ways, like smart machines of our daily life use which are Stove, washing machine, dryer, refrigerator, smart locks, smartwatches and many more.

Some real-world applications of IoT which are currently in use are:

Smart Homes:

Smart homes are the best example of IoT which provide you security and efficiency. Smart homes device and system are innovate to save time and energy. With these devices, you can manage and control everything including management of lighting and temperature with your smart phone.

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Wearable Devices:

Wearable devices like smartwatches and fitness bands have flooded the market, many companies like Intel and Samsung are trying to design IoT powered wearable devices  with the help of  these devices a critical measure of heart rate, sleeping, clerical intake, etc are track and monitored.

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Transportation:

With the internet of things the car manufacturing industries like BMW, Ford, and Tesla are cheered to increase the in-car experience, facilitating with latest technologies like sensors, maps, and computer technologies these cars have the properties of smart parking and smart traffic management and even can be drive without a driver.

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Health Care:

The medical industries are also taking benefits of IoT devices for health monitoring, doctors can slightly monitor the health of patient with the help of these IoT smart healthcare devices, these smart care devices also provide a clinical environment through which doctors can examine the patient and give medicine on the basis of collected data.

These smart health care devices also used to remembrance of doses through smartphones if you missed your dose.

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Machine to machine Communication:

Machine to machine communication means the exchanging of data between two or more machines without any human interaction, power line connection or industrial IOT communication.

M2M communication is an important part of IoT, M2M communication is important for making connections throughout all feathers of real world.

M2M communication is used in utility companies, traffic control, health care, and security for business, for example in traffic control system there are sensors utilized for traffic speed and volume.

IoT Worm

Smart Cities:

The smart city is a framework that uses information and communication technologies to expand the working efficiency, share information with citizen and improve the quality of both citizen and government services.

Smart cities use a collection of IoT devices, software solution and communication networks, IoT is a network of collected devices like vehicles sensor and home equipment that transmit and exchange data, the collected data from IoT devices and sensors is stored in servers, and these devices improve the lifestyle of citizen and facilitate the public with safety.

As everybody in the world moves to the cities there will be a high demand for water and energy and increase possibilities for disease outbreak, pollution, and traffic problems,.

By placing sensors in every building and roads the analysis of daily problems can be obtained, IoT based smart cities use data and technology to gain more efficient framework, population behavior, traffic problems and improve the lifestyle of citizens.

Citizens are engaged with smart cities ecosystem in different ways using smartphones,

Citizens can improve energy distribution, reduce traffic problems and also can improve the quality of air.

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The major advantage of smart cities is to monitor the traffic pattern and overcrowding points by car sensors located inside in the car. To improve traffic pattern smart technologies are also used for monitoring the declining equipment like traffic signals and walk signals, and affect the traffic on environmental conditions.

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The ambulance alarm can stop all traffic signals by changing traffic lights and the nearby hospital is informed and the doctors will stand for the arrival of the patient.

Semantic Scholar

The warning system has been installed in smart cities s when natural disaster likes earth quick and storm occur the nearby hospital and police are informed at the same time.

Smart cities are just originated to recognized for numerous benefits and the investments for the future to enlarge sustainability, planning and improve the lifestyle of citizens.

How smart cities works:

Smart cities use connected IoT devices and other technologies to realize their aim of improving the quality of life and economic growth.

The smart cities go through the following four steps:

·         Smart sensors collect real-time data throughout the city.

·         The collected data is evaluated in order to draw meaningful insight.

·          The insights recorded are then communicated with decision-makers through communication networks.

·         Cities used insights for creating the solution, resources management, and optimized operation and improve the life style of citizens.

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